Process of manufacturing containers



Feb. E6, 1932. L. A. BECKER ET AL PROCESS 0F MANUFACTURING CONTAINERS '3sheets-sheet 1 Filed Oct. 13, 1950 ATTORNEYS Feb., i316, 932. l.. A.BECKER ET AL 845391 PROCESS 0F MANUFACTURING CONTAINERS Filed Oct. 15,1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS ATTORNEYS Feb. 16, 1932.

L. A. BECKER ET AL PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING CONTAINERS Filed Oct. 13,1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS ATToNEYs Patented Feb. 16, 1982 UNITEDsTArEs PATENT OFFICE LOGAN A. BECKER AND JOHN M. MUNSON, OF LAKEWOOD,OHIO, ASSIGNOBS TO THE DOBECKMUN COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ACORPORATION OF OHIO PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING CONTAINERS Application ledOctober 13, 1980. Serial No. 488,200.

. top and bottom panels of the bag respectively,

has;

these laps extending beyond the body of the bag and folded against thebag,- one to provide the permanent closure at one end of the bag and theother to provide the closure flap at the mouth of the bag.

The invention and the advantages thereof will be apparent from thedescription given herein, it being understood that changes andmodifications may be made in the details of the invention withoutdeparting from the scope thereof.

In the drawings in which the preferred method of manufacturing ba s isshown:

Figure 1 is a plan view o a bag showing the manner in which thevbag isformed from a sheet or web;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the completed Figure 3 is a section thereofon the line 3-3 of Figure 2; b Figure 4 is a cross section of theexpanded Figure 5 is an enlarged detail at the open end of the bag;

Figure 6 is an enlarged detail at the closed end of the bag before thefolding and sealing operation;

Figure 7 is a similar view after the sealing operation;

Figure 8 is a cross section on the line 8-8 of Figure 7 Figure 9 is across section on the line 9-9 of Figure 7;

Figure 10 is a cross section through the mandrel or form upon which thecutting operation takes place showing the relation of the formed bagtubing with respect to the mandrel; I

Figure 11 is a cross section on the line 11-11 of Figure 10;

Figure l2 is a plan view of a modified form of bag blank;

Figure 13 is a cross section showing the cutting operation; and

Figure 14 is a plan view of the completed bag, looking at the front orunseamed panel of the bag.

It is the purpose of the invention to construct a square bag havingplicated or bellows-like side plies, from a continuous web of sheetmaterial. While the invention is originally intended for use in themanufacture of bags or containers from regenerated cellulose sheeting,such vas known by the trade name Cellophane, the invention is notnecessarily limited to the use of such material, and it will beunderstood that any sheet material may be employed.

The completed container is formed from a single sheet having an upper orcentral panel 1, and a rear panel 2, in which is located thelongitudinal adhesive seam 3 along which the edges of the sheet areadhesively joined to complete the tubular form of the bag. In the sidepanels 5 are located the inwardly extending bellows-like folds 6 which`permit the bag to open as shown in Figure 4.

The closed end of the bag is provided with the flap 8, which is composedof the two extensions on the sidesof the blank. The end of the tube isfolded alon the transverse line 10, and the ap is securedy an adhesivesuch as shown at 12. The corner of the bag at the closed end istherefore composed of eight plies or thicknesses of the material, asshown in Figure 8, and` is therefore very strong. The corners are alsosift proof, as will be seen by an inspection of that view.

The open end of the bag is formed with the forwardly extending Hap 15,which is a continuation of the central panel 1.

The blank is so formed that successive bags may be cut from a continuousstrip or web of the material without waste, it being observed that thecentral panel 1 is offset in the same direction with respect to the twowings 2EL and 2*? which constitute the rear panel. Each of the wings 2aor 2b is connected to the central anel by cuts 18, which extend in thegeneral lbn itudinal direction of the web, and are pre erably obliquethereto, as shown. At the point where these cuts meet a forward end cut,yinwardly curved extensions 19 are provided to give reentrant orbay-like formations at the corners of the container mouth. This makes avery strong corner and one which will not tear even when subjected toconsiderable stress in the lling operations. This reentrant or bay-likeformation 19 is a valuable feature of the bag construction, as it notonly strengthens the corner of the bag, but due to its reentrantformation, accurate register of the transverse cuts with the end of theline 18 is not necessary, and it is indeed desirable to extend thetransverse cuts into the bay like formations so as to insure positivecutting. Were the angle of the bag mouth not provided with the reentrantformations, exposed material might be notched in the severing operationwhich would start a tear in the material.

In the manufacture of the new form of bag, and by the process shown anddescribed, the continuous web of stock is folded longitudinally as it isassed through a tube or bag forming machine of any of the usual types.During the tube forming operation the inwardly extending plicated sidesare also fabricated, in the manner well known and understood in the art.

Referring to the blank shown in Figure 1, the successive lines of foldsa, b and 'o indicate respectively, the fold between the central paneland the s ide panel, the fold 6 in the side panel, and the fold betweenthe side panel and the rear panel. The transverse rcuts which sever theblanks from the web are indicated at d and e, the former being locatedin front of the latter, and, respectively, forming the ends of the rearand central panels. v

It will be observed that the line of the outside fold c intersects thelines 18 at some intermediate oint. At the points where the line of insie fold a intersects the cut e, the blank is cut out along a recessed orcurved line 20, one of the purposes of which is to provide a recess orbay at the corners of the bag where the side panel meets the centralpanel. This also has a purpose and function in connection with thecutting of the blanks from the web as will now be described.

The slits 18 and 20 are made in the web of material prior to the foldingor tube forming operation, and are made by any suitable means such asslitting knives which are g brought into contact with the web as itpasses cated immediately adjacent the rear panel 2, and fitting withinthe lower side of the bellows folds between the folds b and c. Thisbrings the central panel 1 and the two overlying folds of the two sidepanels on the same side of the' mandrel or cutting block. A knife 26 isemployed to cut the thlcknesses of ma' terial above the mandrel on theline e, and the knife 27 to cut the single thickness of material belowthe mandrel on the line d, grooves 28 being located in the mandrel toreceive the knives. These knives are out of register as shown to securethe non-re istering cuts, which locate the central an rear panel offsetwith respect to each other.

It will now be noted that the slits 18 extend around the edge of themandrel. The slits 20 overlie the edge of the mandrel and are locatedover" one end of each of the slits 18.

This is found necessary as the mandrel is of 9- appreciable thickness,and as it is impossible to cut upon or around the edges thereof, the

said slits supplement the knives, and make possible a complete severi ofthe blank An advantage of the curved ormations at 19 1 and at the endsof the slits 20 will now bn apparent, as it is possible to secureperfec: and satisfactory severing of the successive` blanks, without thenecessity of positive anu accurate alignment of the cutting knives withthe slits. For example, as shown at X in Figure 1, the ends of the slits20 may ex tend beyond the transverse cuts e, and the ends of the slits18 may extend beyond the cuts d. In either case the notches X will occurin the folded and sealed ends of the bag, and no tear can be started atthese points. Likewise'the ends of the transverse cuts are shownextending beyond the slits without injurious effects. l

as they seem to be best suited for the fabri- 120 cation of bags ofCellophane, but with other materials such as paper or the like` otherwell known severing instrumentalite-l ma be employed.

fter the blanks are severed from the lead- 125 ing end of the tube, theforwardly extending end of the bag is folded over on the transverse line10, and the bag is completed.

Instead of having the seam in the shorter panel of the bag as described,the invention 13* also contemplates the location ofthe seam in thelonger panel. This variation is shown in Figures 12 to 14 inclusive,which also illustrate that the relative positions of the Inan-y drel,the sea-m and the bellows folds may be changed as desired.

In the form of the invention shown in these later views, the centralpanel is indicated at 30, the side panels at 31, and the rear or seamedpanel at 32, composed of the two wings 32a and 32b offset from thecentral panel but in the opposite direction, from that shown in FigureIt will be observed that in this form', the inner fold a intersects thediagonal slit 18 and that that slit is placed in the opposite directionfrom that occupied 'by the slits 18. The reentrant slits 20El arelocated on the outside of the side panels and are intersected by thefold c. The fold 10a is the same as -before, itbeing noted, however,that the permanent closure flap is formed by the extension 35 of thecentral panel 30 rather than by the side wings as in the preferred form.In the finished bag the seam is located on the panel having theextending flap at the bag mouth.

To sever the blank from the web, the position of the mandrel is reversedas indicated above, the tube being threaded over the mandrel adjacentthe unseamed panel. The upper knife 26 cuts the seamed panel and thebellows folds, while the lower knife 27 cuts the unseamed panel only.The parts may be reversed, with the same results.

It is also possible to change the relative location ofthe mandrel withrespect to the bellows folds and cuts in the same relationship, but thiswould give an inferior bag construction.

The invention consists in the new and novel method of making a squarebag with the plicated folds along the side panels. It will be apparentthat changes and improvements may be made in specific embodiments of theinvention, all within the scope thereof. While a central seam isindicated in both forms of the invention, the seam may be shifted bysuitable off .'center slitting and folding.

What We claim is: j

1. The process of' manufacturing square bags comprising providing a webof material with transversely aligned slits arranged with a pair ofreentrant slits on opposite sides of the central line of the web, andother slits extending in the general longitudinal direction of the webarranged between the first named slits and the edges of the web, foldingthe web longitudinally to form bellows like" sides for the bag, the foldlines of said bellows on each side of the bag intersecting the reentrantslits and the longitudinal slits, and severing a blank from the web bytransverse non-registering cuts on opposite sides of the tube, one ofsaid cuts intersecting all of the v2. The process of manufacturingsquare V bags comprising providing a web of material with pairs of slitsextending in ageneral lon-l 7 gitudinal direction with respect to theweb, located on opposite sides of the central line of the web, ormingsecond slits in the web extending in a general transverse direction withrespect thereto, formin a tube from the'web with inwardly exten inglongitudinal bellows folds on either side of the web, the outer of saidfolds intersecting the respective slits, vand severing a blank from theweb by non-registering cuts on opposite sides of the tube in the re 'onof said slits.

3. The process o manufacturing square bags, comprising providing a webof material with pairs of slits extending in a general longitudinaldirection with respect to the web, located on o posite sides of thecentral line of the web, orming second slits in the web extending inageneral transverse direction with respect thereto, said second slitsbeing recessed, forming a tube from the web with inwardly extendinglongitudinal bellows foldson either side of the web, the outer of said'folds intersecting the respective slits, and severing a blank from theweb by nonregistering cuts on op osite sides of the tube in the regionof said s 'ts.

4. The process of manufacturing square bags, comprising providing a webofmaterial with pairs of oblique slits extending in a. general-longitudinal direction with respect to the web, located on o positesides of the central line of 'the web, orming second slits in the webextending in a general transverse direction with respect thereto,forming a tube from the web with inwardly extending longitudinal bellowsfolds on either side of the web, the outer of said folds intersectingthe respectiveslits, and severing a blank from the web bynon-registering cuts on opposite sides of the tube in the region of saidslits.

5. Theprocess of manufacturing square bags, comprising providing a webof material with pairs of oblique slits extending in a generallongitudinal direction, with vrespect to the web, located on oppositesides of the central line of the web, forming second slits in the webextending in a general transverse direction with respect theretoLsaidsecond slits being recessed, forming a tube from the web with inwardlyextending longitudinal bellows folds on either side of the web, saidfolds intersecting the slits, and severing a blank from the web bynon-registering cuts on opplosite sides of the tube in the region ofsaid s its.

6. The process of manufacturing square bags, comprising providing a webof material with pairs-of slits extending in a general longitudinaldirection with respect to the web, located on opposite sides of thecentral line of the web, forming second slits in the web extending in aeneral transverse direction with respect t ereto formin a tube from theweb with inwardly exten ing longitudinal bellows folds on either side ofthe web, the outer of said folds intersecting the respective slits, andsevering a blank from the web by non-registering straight cuts onopposite sides of the tube in the region of said slits.

7. The process `of manufacturing square bags, comprising providing a webof material with pairs of slits extending in a general longitudinaldirection with respect to the web, located on opposite sides of thecentral line of the web, forming second slits in the web extending in ageneral transverse direction with respect thereto, said second slitsbeing recessed, forming a tube from the web with inwardly extendinglongitudinal bellows folds on either side of the web, the outer of saidfolds intersecting the respective slits, and severing a blank from theweb by nonregistering straight cuts on opposite sides of the tube in theregion of said slits.

8. The process of manufacturing square bags which comprises the steps ofproviding a web of material with rows of slits at spaced intervals, eachrow comprising pairs of slits on either side of the central line of theweb, and each pair consisting of a slit extending in the generaldirection of the web, and a slit extending transversely thereof, forminga tube from the web with double folds which intersect the slits andbringing a transverse slit in register with one end of a longitudinalslit, and cutting the tube by transverse nonregistering cuts fromopposite directions, the cuts supplementing the slits, to sever a bagfrom the tube.

9. The process of manufacturing square bags, comprising providing a webof material with pairs of oblique slits extending in a generallongitudinal direction with respect to the web, located on oppositesides of the central line of the web, forming second slits in the webextending in a general transverse direction with respect thereto, saidsecond slits being recessed, forming a tube from the web with inwardlyextending longitudinal bellows folds on either side of the web, saidfolds intersectingvthe slits, and severing a blank from the web bynon-registering straight cuts on opposite sides of the tube in theregion of said slits.

10. The method of forming a bag from a continuous web, comprisingforming rows of slits at spaced intervals along. the web, each row ofslits comprising pairs on opposite sides of the central line of the web,each pair of slits consisting of a transverse slit and a slit extendingin the general direction of the web, folding the web into a tube withlongitudinal folds forming bellows sides, the outer of said foldsintersecting the slits, and cutweb, each slit having an angularextension,

foldin the web into a tube with longitudinal folds orming bellows sides,the outer of said folds intersecting the slits, and cuttin the tube intoindividual blanks by non-reg1stering cuts from opposite sides thereofwhich meet the angular extensions and supplement the slits to sever theblank from the web.

' LOGAN A. BECKER.

JOHN M. MUNSON.

